Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education

OTs – Ready to Up Your Game? Demonstrate Value Through Competency

OT, OTA – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
You have the knowledge and skills, but are you applying them in different ways based on the situation in front of you? Do you know your strengths and weaknesses? Do you perceive changes in the healthcare system as opportunities or threats? In this episode, we talk with Clarice Grote, OTR/L and health policy consultant, about how to evaluate your competency to up your game.
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback 
(01:52) Key Takeaways from Today’s Discussion(03:15) What Is Competency?(07:57) Why Is Competency Important?(10:43) Providing the Right Care at the Right Time(14:09) Identifying Gaps in Knowledge(22:33) SWOT Analysis(29:00) Prioritizing Next Steps for Growth(32:40) Importance of Mentorship(42:34) The Importance of Understanding Reimbursement (44:34) Staying Up to Date with Research and Best Practice(49:17) Resources to Identify Broader Priorities(53:35) Communicating Value(01:00:36) Upping Your Game: A Real Life Example(01:03:43) Final Thoughts 
The content for this course was created by Clarice Grote, MS, OTR/L.
The content for this course was created by Wendy Phillips, PT, BSPT.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
AOTA:
Certificates and Credentials: https://www.aota.org/career/continuing-education/micro-credentials-and-professional-certificates/certificates-and-credentials
Occupational Profile: https://aota.org/profile
Value-Based Care Resources: https://aota.org/value
Evaluation Checklists Including Quality Measures: https://www.aota.org/practice/domain-and-process/evaluation-and-assessment
Choosing Wisely®: https://www.aota.org/practice/practice-essentials/evidencebased-practiceknowledge-translation/aotas-top-10-choosing-wisely-recommendations
Care Compare: https://medicare.gov/care-compare
NBCOT Navigator: https://nbcot.org/navigator

How Can SLPs Demonstrate Value? Demonstrate Your Competency!

SLP – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
How can clinical competency translate into value? What competencies are needed outside of your typical scope of practice as an SLP? In this episode, we talk with Shannon Liem, a true expert in rehab services in home health. We talk about required clinical competencies, how they contribute to value, and more.
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback 
(02:16) Why It Matters (03:40) Commitment to Competency (09:24) Post-Acute Care SLPs’ Competencies (14:50) Identifying Skills to Improve (18:50) Improving Competencies (24:47) Employers’ Expectations (28:25) When You Need to Expand Competencies (38:04) First Steps (42:48) Remaining Current with Research (49:10) Transdisciplinary Competencies (54:43) Soft Skills (58:07) From Competencies to Value (01:02:38) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Shannon Liem, MS, CCC-SLP.
The content for this course was created by Susan Almon-Matangos, MS, SSS-SLP.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
Zamanian Jahromi et al. (2020) regarding clinical commitment and competency: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7816542/
Promoting SLPs’ value: https://www.asha.org/slp/healthcare/uniquevalue/
Medicare Compare website: https://www.medicare.gov/care-compare/
Related educational opportunities: See Relias assessments/competencies, courses, podcasts, and Pro-on-the-Gos.

My Patient Fired Me! Best Practices for Difficult Conversations

PT, PTA, OT, OTA, SLP – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
It happens at least once in a clinical career, your patient fires you or you discharge a patient who wants to stay, much to their dismay. In this episode, we talk with Mike Studer, PT, DPT, MHS, NCS, CEEAA, CWT, CSST, FAPTA about how to best manage difficult conversations.
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback
(02:47) Takeaways from Today’s Discussion(03:19) Case Example: My Patient Fired Me(10:33) Why Being Fired Can Be a Good Thing(15:41) Helping Patients Find Value in Therapy(20:58) Examples: Autonomy, Prediction, and Measurement(27:21) Dialogue: Non-Autonomous vs. Autonomous(30:56) My Patient Does Not Want to Be Discharged(46:31) My Patient Thinks They Are too Old to Get Better(52:27) When Cultural Values Do Not Align: Bridging the Gap (01:00:09) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Mike Studer, PT, DPT, MHS, NCS, CEEAA, CWT, CSST, FAPTA.
The content for this course was created by Tiffany Shubert, PT, PhD.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
The Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change): https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/mph-modules/sb/behavioralchangetheories/behavioralchangetheories6.html

Burned Out? Best Practices for PTs, OTs, SLPs, and Employers

PT, PTA, OT, OTA, SLP – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
Are you experiencing burnout? Have you left, or are you thinking about leaving your profession because you are emotionally exhausted? In this episode, we talk with Dr. Ellen Anderson, PT, PhD, GCS about why many clinicians are feeling this way, and what clinicians and employers can do about it.
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback 
(02:40) Takeaways From Today’s Discussion(03:27) The Difference Between Stress and Burnout (06:16) Problems Associated with Burnout Among Healthcare Providers (09:03) Differences Among Disciplines and Practice Settings (11:44) Emotionally Exhausted vs. Depersonalization: A Clinical Comparison (14:02) Six Reasons for Burnout and the Impact of the COVID Pandemic (24:25) Am I At Risk for Burnout? Self-Assessment and Personality Type (26:42) Strategies Clinicians Can Do to Mitigate Burnout (35:41) What Employers Can Do to Reduce Burnout (48:05) Example: How Rehab Professionals Can Make a Change (52:55) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Ellen Anderson, PT, PhD, GCS.
The content for this course was created by Tiffany Shubert, PT, PhD.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
Perceived Stress Scale: https://www.das.nh.gov/wellness/docs/percieved%20stress%20scale.pdf

An Interdisciplinary Approach to Skin and Wound Management

PT, PTA, OT, OTA, SLP – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
As a rehab therapist, are you doing everything within your scope of practice to prevent wounds? Are you considering factors beyond mobility level and pressure? In this podcast, we talk with Dr. Patty Larkin-Upton, physical therapist and certified wound care specialist, about the role of PT, OT, and SLP in skin and wound management.
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback 
(01:52) Takeaways From Today’s Discussion(03:09) Why the Skin Is Important (04:59) Effects of Aging on the Skin (06:45) What Puts Older Adults’ Skin at Risk? (10:11) Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors That Impact Healing (15:30) The Role of Rehab Therapists: Overview (17:49) Role of Speech-Language Pathology (19:48) Role of Occupational Therapy (23:11) Role of Physical Therapy (25:36) Importance of Sleep Hygiene (28:01) How to Identify At-Risk Patients (33:46) Interdisciplinary Team Wound Management (39:07) Impact of COVID on Therapists’ Role (41:46) Interdisciplinary Team Communication (43:49) Clinical Examples (49:17) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Dr. Patricia Larkin-Upton, PT, DPT, MS, CWS, CEEAA, CCI.
The content for this course was created by Wendy Phillips, PT, BSPT.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
APTA Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology & Wound Management: https://www.acewm.org/

Rehabilitation and Mental Health Best Practices for PTs, OTs, and SLPs

PT, PTA, OT, COTA, SLP – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
Did you know that there are over 200 mental health disorders and illnesses, and that many go undiagnosed? These conditions can lead to reduced engagement, resistance to change, and challenging behaviors that ultimately derail a person’s therapy. In this episode, we talk with Angela Edney, OTR/L and national AOTA and ASHA conference presenter on mental health, about the most prevalent mental disorders, their impact on patient presentation and the plan of care, and how rehab professionals can help.
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback
(01:38) Key Takeaways From Today’s Discussion(02:52) Mental Health vs. Mental Illness(04:05) Prevalence of Mental Illness in the U.S.(05:51) Why This Topic Is Important and Your Role(10:19) General Signs and Symptoms of Mental Health Disorders(11:02) Anxiety: General Presentation and Recommendations(13:15) Depression and Major Depressive Disorder(17:06) Determining Interests: The Life Story Questionnaire (20:48) Suicidal Thoughts: Signs, Statements, and Action Steps(23:37) PTSD: Presentation and Management(29:39) Bipolar Disorder: General Presentation and Recommendations(33:07) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Presentation and Treatment(39:17) Gratification: Why It Is Important to Treatment(40:50) Schizophrenia: General Presentation and Recommendations(46:20) Borderline Personality Disorder: General Presentation(48:32) Determining the Cause of Behaviors Using Behavioral Mapping(52:12) Additional Tools and Strategies for Effective Treatments(1:00:03) Managing Higher Intensity Levels of Behavior: The CPI Mode(1:03:28) Screening for Mental Health Disorders(1:05:08) Documentation Concerns(1:06:41) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Angela Edney, OTR/L.
The content for this course was created by Wendy Phillips, PT, BSPT.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
Mental Health Resources: https://www.mentalhealthfirstaid.org/mental-health-resources/
OT Innovations: https://www.ot-innovations.com/
 
Screens and Assessments
Depression and Anxiety:
Beck’s Depression Inventory: https://www.ismanet.org/doctoryourspirit/pdfs/Beck-Depression-Inventory-BDI.pdf
Beck’s Anxiety Inventory: https://www.jolietcenter.com/storage/app/media/beck-anxiety-inventory.pdf
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): https://geriatrictoolkit.missouri.edu/cog/GDS_SHORT_FORM.PDF
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A): https://dcf.psychiatry.ufl.edu/files/2011/05/HAMILTON-ANXIETY.pdf
Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9): https://med.stanford.edu/fastlab/research/imapp/msrs/_jcr_content/main/accordion/accordion_content3/download_256324296/file.res/PHQ9%20id%20date%2008.03.pdf
Quality of Life:
Interest Checklist: https://www.pdffiller.com/201199180-Modified-Interest-Checklistpdf-interest-checklist-
Life Story Questionnaire – Crisis Prevention Institute: https://www.crisisprevention.com/CPI/media/Media/Specialties/dcs/Life-Story-Questionnaire.pdf
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder:
Short Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Rating Interview (SPRINT): https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/screens/sprint.asp

Ditch Your Workbooks – SLP Functional Communication Best Practices for Best Outcomes in Home Health

SLP – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
Tired of heavy workbooks and poor compliance with your SLP interventions in the home? Ready to lighten your load and ensure your speech, language, and cognitive-communication therapy is patient-centered, effective, and achieves your patients’ goals? Listen to Shannon Liem, the National Clinical Director for Home Health Services for Aegis Therapies, explain the benefits of functional communication to your patients and your practice. Get inspired to create engaging and effective interventions using the items most meaningful to your patient – their own stuff! 
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback 
(02:25) Why It Matters(03:49) SLP in Home Health: Diagnoses and Referral(06:16) Homebound Status and Cognitive-Communication Impairments(09:34) Homebound Status and Dysphagia(10:41) Structured vs. Functional Communication Intervention(13:35) Infection Control Concerns(16:26) Materials for Evaluations(18:31) Functional Intervention for Cognitive-Communication(21:26) Cognitive Example: Mild Cognitive Impairment - Keys in the Door(24:02) Cognitive Example: Hearing Impairment and Nighttime Checklist(26:27) Cognitive Example: Medication Management(30:34) Cognitive Examples: Everyday Problem Solving(37:45) Task Segmentation and Interdisciplinary Collaboration(38:39) Cognitive Example: Memory and Calendar(42:50) Cognitive Example: Executive Function(44:34) Speech Example: Speech Intelligibility(46:32) Swallowing Example: Modified Diet(50:52) Documentation and Goals(55:12) Home Exercise Recommendations(58:27) Interdisciplinary Communication for Follow-Through(01:02:00) Case Example: Medication Management(01:07:22) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Shannon Liem, MS, CCC-SLP.
The content for this course was created by Susan Almon-Matangos, MS, SSS-SLP.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) resources:
Documentation examples:
https://www.asha.org/practice/reimbursement/medicare/examples-of-documentation-of-skilled-and-unskilled-care-for-medicare-beneficiaries/
 
Getting started in home health:
https://www.asha.org/slp/healthcare/start_home/
 
Length of treatment time in home health: https://leader.pubs.asha.org/doi/10.1044/leader.NOMS.25012020.44

PT Management of Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms

PT, PTA – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
Are you aware that a person can have persistent symptoms for months or even years after a concussion? Can you recognize the symptoms and provide the necessary intervention to support these patients in their recovery? In this episode, we talk with Dr. Danit Macklin, a concussion specialist, about key characteristics of persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) and effective interventions for adults and older adults.
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback
(01:53) Takeaways from Today’s Discussion(02:22) Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms and Prevalence(05:03) Risk Factors Associated with PPCS(06:14) Treatment Approach Based on the Clinical Practice Guideline(08:31) The Importance of Early Education: A Case Example(13:50) Grounding Exercises and Meditation(15:37) Motor Function Treatment(20:07) Vestibular and Oculomotor Treatment(34:34) Interdisciplinary Care and Collaborative Opportunities(37:47) Sleep Hygiene Techniques(40:04) Treating the Cervical Spine: A Case Example(46:08) Addressing Exertion Symptoms: A Case Example(52:21) Confusing Presentation of Older Adult: A Case Example(56:14) Treating Patients for PPCS with Cognitive Impairment(57:52) Referrals for Persistent Symptoms(58:50) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Danit Macklin, PT, DPT, ITPT.
The content for this course was created by Wendy Phillips, PT, BSPT.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
See additional Relias courses for more information on concussion.
 
Clinical Practice Guideline: https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/jospt.2020.0301
 
Headache Impact Test (HIT): https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5615114ee4b0c5764cd969fa/t/58b8243546c3c446152c981f/1488462901563/HIT6+Headache_Impact_Test_Questionnaire.pdf
 
Cervical Joint Position Error (membership required):
https://www.apta.org/patient-care/evidence-based-practice-resources/test-measures/cervical-joint-position-error-jpe-cervical-kinesthetic-sense-cervical-joint-position-error-test-cervical-jpet
 
Neck Disability Index (NDI): https://www.smcnd.org/assets/docs/pt/neck_disability_index.pdf
 
Possible Diagnoses Codes to Use with PPCS:
Diagnoses Codes
Codes you may use when treating patients with PPCS:
OXOA Concussion without LOC, initial encounter
OX9A Concussion with LOC, initial encounter
309 Post-traumatic headache, unspecified, not intractable
301 Post-traumatic headache, unspecified, intractable
81 Unsteadiness on Feet
R42 Dizziness and Giddiness
19 Visual Disturbances

Challenging Behaviors Post TBI – Best Practices for Rehab Therapists

PT, PTA, OT, OTA, SLP, Audiology – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information.  
Have you ever wondered what drives your patient’s behaviors? Specifically those with cognitive impairment such as dementia or brain injury. Have you found it challenging to work with individuals who display behaviors that interfere with treatment and engagement? In this episode, we talk with Aimee E. Perron, PT, DPT about maladaptive behaviors due to traumatic brain injury and ways to modify your treatment approach for optimal outcomes.
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback
(01:57) Takeaways From Today’s Discussion (02:35) Behavior Defined (04:57) Maladaptive vs. Adaptive Behavior (07:12) Case Example (11:00) Influencing Factors of Behavior (17:07) The Brain’s Role in Behavior: The Theory of Localization (24:49) What We Can Do to Influence Behaviors (32:11) Emotional Intelligence and Rational Detachment (35:57) Case Example: The Importance of Learning More About Individuals (37:49) Ranchos Los Amigos Scale (39:57) Additional Assessment Considerations (41:04) Outcome Measures (43:26) Information to Gather and Document (47:17) Strategies for Engagement and Behavior Modification (50:41) Time Out Procedure (52:30) Contingency Management Procedures (55:14) Addressing Inappropriate Sexual Behaviors (56:57) Positive Programming Procedures (59:16) Behavioral Contracts (1:00:56) Stimulus Control Procedures (1:02:08) Addressing Behaviors at Any Stage of Recovery: Dos and Don’ts (1:06:14) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Aimee E. Perron, PT, DPT.
The content for this course was created by Wendy Phillips, PT, BSPT.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
Crisis Prevention Institute: https://www.crisisprevention.com/Library
The Center for Outcome Measurements in Brain Injury: https://www.tbims.org/list.html

Aligning Rehabilitation Goals with Culture: Working with Patients from the Muslim Community

PT, PTA, OT, OTA, SLP – this podcast may help you meet your continuing education requirements. Access Relias Academy to review course certificate information. 
How are we doing? Click here to give us feedback
Are you overwhelmed by the expectation that you should be an expert clinician and an expert in all of the different cultures of your incredibly diverse patients? Help is on the way! Rahimeh Ramezany, who identifies as a multiethnic, neurodiverse, visibly Muslim American woman and works as a diversity, equity, inclusion, and intercultural specialist, joins us to discuss strategies to ensure your rehabilitation interventions align with your patient’s culture.
(03:04) Why It Matters(05:19) Stereotypes and Self-Awareness of Biases(07:46) Modesty: Working with a Provider of a Different Gender(09:36) Asking for Consent to Touch(11:41) Considerations for a Clinician and Patient of Different Genders(14:30) Direct and Indirect Communication(17:48) Creating a Space for Psychological Safety(19:44) Asking the Right Question to Probe Patient Status(22:55) Integrating Home Exercise Programs into the Patient’s Day(24:02) Individualism and Collectivism(29:02) Accommodations for Prayer During Treatment Time(35:10) Muslim Dress and Modesty(39:43) Food and Drinks(42:16) Fasting During Ramadhan(46:37) Modifying Movement for Prayers(50:36) Conclusion 
The content for this course was created by Rahimeh Ramezany, M.A.
The content for this course was created by Tiffany Shubert, PT, Ph.D.
The content for this course was created by Susan Almon-Matangos, MS, CCC-SLP.
Here is how Relias can help you earn continuing education credits: 
Access your Relias Library offered by your employer to see course certificate information and exam;  or  Access the continuing education library for clinicians at Relias Academy. Review the course certificate information, and if eligible, you can purchase the course to access the course exam and receive your certificate. 
Learn more about Relias at www.relias.com.   
Legal Disclaimer: The content of Stretch: Relias Rehab Therapy Education is provided only for educational and training purposes for healthcare professionals. The educational material provided in this podcast should not be used as medical advice to treat any medical condition in either yourself or others. 
Resources 
5 best practices for treating your Muslim patients: https://www.mdatl.com/2018/04/cultural-sensitivity-5-best-practices-treating-muslim-patients/
 
Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR): An employer’s guide to Islamic religious practices: https://www.cair.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/An-Employer%E2%80%99s-Guide-to-Islamic-Religious-Practices.pdf
 
Institute for Social Policy and Understanding (ISPU): Meeting the healthcare needs of American Muslims: Challenges and strategies for healthcare settings: https://www.ispu.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/620_ISPU_Report_Aasim-Padela_final.pdf